Florida Well Water
Last reviewed October 29, 2026
Overview
Private wells supply water to many Florida households. Because they are generally not regulated like public systems under the federal Safe Drinking Water Act, testing and wellhead protection are the owner’s responsibility.
Hydrogeology & what it means
Florida relies on the Floridan and Biscayne aquifers, largely karst limestone. The documented regional concerns below indicate what is worth testing for — not what any individual well contains.
Documented regional concerns
- Hard water from carbonate (limestone/dolomite) aquifers.
- Hydrogen sulfide (rotten-egg odor) in some aquifer water.
- Rapid surface-water influence, turbidity and bacteria in karst (limestone) terrain.
- Saltwater intrusion and elevated chloride/sodium in coastal or over-pumped areas.
- Naturally occurring radium/radionuclides in some deep aquifers.
These are documented possibilities, not a reading of your well
Frequently asked questions
What should well owners in Florida test for?
A practical panel for Florida private wells includes Total coliform bacteria, Nitrate (as N), pH, Total hardness, Hydrogen sulfide, Turbidity, Chloride, Total dissolved solids, Radium / gross alpha. Test bacteria and nitrate at least annually and use a state-certified laboratory; confirm local recommendations with your state health department and University of Florida (IFAS) Cooperative Extension.
Are private wells regulated in Florida?
Private wells are generally not covered by the federal Safe Drinking Water Act, though Florida or local rules may apply to construction, permitting, or testing. Public-system limits such as EPA MCLs are useful reference points, not automatic legal limits for your well.